They listened to the peoples stories and participated in daily events. ![]() Rather than relying on outside sources, the anthropologists themselves recorded the activities and customs of local people. By the early 20th century, however, anthropologists began to spend long periods of time in a particular community or geographic area. With this information, anthropologists tried to explain the origins of the cultures customs. Early anthropologists collected ethnographic data from outside sources, usually leaders of the group they were studying, and then compared it to their theories. Ethnographic field work dramatically changed the purpose and methods of anthropology. Social Science In anthropology, a researcher may do ethnographic field work, studying and describing the customs of different communities and cultures. Natural sciences, such as biology or chemistry, focus on physical characteristics of nature and natural environments. Social sciences, such as economics or history, focus on people, culture, and society. Field work is important in both the social and natural sciences. Field work enables students and researchers to examine the way scientific theories interact with real life. ![]() This allows researchers to collect data about the dynamic places, people, and species around them. Field work is conducted in the wild of our everyday surroundings rather than in the semi-controlled environments of a lab or classroom. Field work is the process of observing and collecting data about people, cultures, and natural environments.
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